2024 Campaign Tech & Digital Spending

FEC Disbursement Data • Federal Election Commission • 2023-2024 Cycle

Sources: FEC OpenFEC API, OpenSecrets vendor profiles, Brennan Center / Wesleyan Media Project

In the 2024 election cycle, federal candidates, parties, and outside groups spent an estimated $15.9 billion, making it the most expensive federal election in U.S. history (FEC 24-month summary). Democrats raised substantially more through formal campaign and party channels, though Republicans and conservative-aligned groups had a significant advantage in super PAC and outside spending (Brennan Center).

This dashboard focuses on one narrower but increasingly important piece of that broader political economy: digital and civic-tech spending.

That focus is analytically useful because campaigning now relies heavily on privately owned digital infrastructure. Adam Sheingate’s (2016) account of the “business of politics” is helpful here: campaigns are not only electoral organizations but also markets for specialized political services.

From that perspective, digital and civic-tech vendors matter not just because they absorb significant resources, but because they shape how campaigns know, classify, and retain their publics. These tools can generate powerful private assets while making it harder to build shared civic infrastructure, cumulative datasets, and research tools oriented toward democratic learning rather than client retention.

Looking at these vendors helps show how campaign resources are routed through firms that monetize political infrastructure and accumulate organizational data, even when those expenditures do not build durable civic capacity for citizens themselves.

A note on interpretation: These figures should be read as measures of FEC-visible campaign cashflows through different kinds of political vendors, not as directly comparable measures of vendor revenue, profit, or organizational importance.

Overview
All Providers
D vs R
By Candidate
Digital Ads
Data Coverage
Divergent Spending Patterns Across Digital Categories
With TV/radio media buying firms excluded, the two parties’ digital and tech ecosystems show divergent patterns across categories. Republican fundraising platforms show larger platform-related cashflows in these filings: WinRed + Anedot + Revv ($347M) vs ActBlue ($297M). Democratic committees show substantially higher FEC-reported disbursements to CRM/voter data vendors (NGP VAN + EveryAction: $108M vs $11M) and peer-to-peer texting platforms (Scale to Win + Hustle: $53M vs RumbleUp: $2.3M). This dashboard excludes traditional media buying firms like Waterfront Strategies ($858M, mostly TV) and their GOP equivalents to focus on digital-native campaign technology.

Top Providers by Total Spending

Spending by Category

Party Split: Democrat vs Republican Tech Spending

How to read this table: “Total” reflects FEC-reported disbursements to each vendor from federal committees during the 2023–2024 cycle. These totals are not directly comparable across vendor types. For Google and Meta, FEC totals understate actual platform spending because most ads are purchased through intermediaries. For fundraising platforms such as ActBlue and WinRed, FEC totals can instead reflect gross contribution-processing flows and therefore should not be read as equivalent to vendor revenue or profit.

All Campaign Tech & Digital Vendors (2024 Cycle)

Head-to-Head: Democratic vs Republican Tech Ecosystem

Top Candidates / Entities by Tech Vendor Spending

ActBlue: Who Spent the Most?

WinRed: Who Spent the Most?

Key Observations

WinRed Spending Concentrated in Trump Committees

In the disbursements captured here, WinRed spending is highly concentrated in Trump committees. This likely reflects both the scale of Trump’s fundraising operation and the way platform-related transactions are reported in FEC filings. It should not be taken to mean that other Republican campaigns were not using WinRed.

DNC Committees Account for Most CRM Spending

DNC and party infrastructure committees account for most of the NGP VAN and EveryAction spending visible here. This suggests a relatively centralized Democratic CRM model in federal filings, though the contrast with Republicans should be interpreted cautiously because Republican data infrastructure is distributed across more providers and is less fully visible in FEC disbursement data.

Biden-to-Harris Infrastructure Transfer

Harris’s $81M in tech spending across ActBlue ($76M), NGP VAN ($2.6M), and EveryAction ($1.7M) built on Biden’s existing vendor relationships. Biden’s committees show $52M, mostly through ActBlue ($47M). The mid-cycle transition represented a large-scale migration of campaign technology infrastructure between candidates.

Anedot Is the Down-Ballot R Platform

Unlike WinRed, whose disbursements are highly concentrated in Trump committees in these data, Anedot appears across a wider range of Republican federal campaigns: Cruz ($1.1M), Moreno ($0.9M), Lake ($0.7M), Ramaswamy ($0.6M), and dozens more. In that sense, the federal disbursement record suggests a more distributed pattern of Republican fundraising-platform use.

$1.9B
Total Online Ads (4 platforms)
$1.35B
Google + Meta Ads
3:1
D vs R Digital Ad Ratio
$96M
FEC Direct to Platforms

Democratic Presidential Digital Ad Spending Substantially Exceeded Republican

In platform-reported Meta and Google advertising data, Democratic presidential spending substantially exceeded Republican presidential spending in 2024. That disparity is clear in transparency datasets, though its electoral significance is harder to infer.

Lower Trump Campaign Digital Ad Spending

The Trump campaign reported lower direct digital ad spending than Harris in the platform transparency data reviewed here. Contemporary reporting suggests a greater reliance on organic reach, earned media, and allied outside spending, though the relative contribution of these channels cannot be cleanly recovered from FEC data alone.

Why FEC numbers undercount platform spending: Most campaigns don’t pay Facebook or Google directly. They pay media buying firms (Targeted Victory, Bully Pulpit Interactive, etc.) who then place the ads. The platform-reported transparency data ($1.35B on Google+Meta) comes from a completely different data pipeline than FEC filings. Only $96M of the $1.35B in platform-reported spending appears as direct vendor payments in FEC data — the other 93% flows through intermediary firms. Note: this dashboard excludes TV-dominant media buying firms like Waterfront Strategies ($858M) to focus on digital-native technology.

Digital Ad Spending by Platform

Presidential Race: Harris vs Trump on Meta & Google

The Media Buying Intermediary Layer

Most digital ad money flows through intermediary media buying firms, not directly to platforms. These FEC-reported vendor payments represent the actual money trail:

Data Coverage & Methodology

This dashboard combines data from three sources: FEC OpenFEC API (direct schedule B disbursement queries for 6 fundraising/CRM platforms), OpenSecrets vendor profiles (FEC-reported payments aggregated by vendor name), and Brennan Center / Wesleyan Media Project (platform-reported political ad transparency data from Meta, Google, Snap, and X).
~99%
Fundraising Platforms

ActBlue, WinRed, Anedot, and Revv capture a large share of the major federal fundraising platforms visible in FEC disbursement data, though this should not be read as a complete measure of all online fundraising infrastructure.

~98%
Democratic CRM

NGP VAN and EveryAction account for most Democratic CRM spending visible in the federal disbursement data assembled here.

~57%
Republican CRM

Republican CRM and voter-data spending is only partially visible in these data. Some expenditures appear to be distributed across smaller vendors, embedded in party or committee overhead, or otherwise not easily recoverable through the vendor-level FEC queries used here.

~59%
Digital Consulting

This category tracks several of the largest digital-native consulting firms visible in FEC vendor data, while excluding TV-dominant media-buying firms and many smaller shops. It should be interpreted as a substantial but incomplete view of the digital consulting market.

~69%
SMS / Texting

Scale to Win, RumbleUp, and Hustle account for a substantial share of the SMS/P2P texting vendors captured here, but other providers are omitted. This category should therefore be read as broad coverage rather than a complete census.

~7%
Digital Ad Platforms (FEC Direct)

Direct FEC payments to Google and Meta capture only a small fraction of total platform-reported digital advertising, because most purchases are routed through intermediary media-buying firms. For digital ads, platform transparency data and FEC vendor disbursements measure different parts of the same market.

Completely not tracked: TV/radio ($5B+), TV-dominant media buying firms (Waterfront Strategies $858M, National Media $725M, and others), direct mail, field operations, smaller consulting firms, state/local campaign tech, and $1.9B in dark money spending that isn’t subject to FEC disclosure.

What's Included vs What's Missing

Included (19 vendors, ~$1.25B tracked)

Fundraising Platforms$643.8MFEC API
Digital Consulting$235.2MOpenSecrets
CRM / Voter File$107.5MFEC API
SMS / P2P Texting$53.7MOpenSecrets
Digital Ad Platforms (direct to vendor)$96.2MOpenSecrets
Data / Analytics$12.4MOpenSecrets

Not Included / Partially Captured

Platform-reported digital ads (Meta+Google)~$1.35BSeparate
TV/Radio ad spending & media buying firms~$5B+Not included
Smaller consulting firms (<$5M)~$500M est.Not included
State/local campaign techUnknownNot included
Dark money digital spending~$281MNot trackable

Republican CRM / Voter Data: Different Organizational Structure

Republican campaigns use CRM and voter data platforms, but spending appears differently in FEC filings. Democratic CRM spending is concentrated through NGP VAN ($78.9M); Republican spending is distributed across multiple providers with varying levels of FEC visibility.
R PlatformFEC AmountRoleUsage (2024 survey)
GOP Data Trust$7.0MRNC voter file, 5,000+ campaigns served53% of R professionals
i360$4.3MKoch-backed data/analytics, 270M profiles37% of R professionals
Campaign SidekickEst. $2-5M#1 voter contact app, built by R operatives44% of R professionals
AdvantageEst. $1-3MVoter contact / canvassing app27% of R professionals

Note: Republican data infrastructure costs are partially subsidized through party committees and affiliated networks, resulting in lower FEC-visible spending. Pricing structures across all CRM vendors (Democratic and Republican) are not publicly comparable. 82% of Republican campaign professionals say data makes a tactical difference, but only 38% say their data is accurate (Center for Campaign Innovation, 2024 post-election survey).

Sources

FEC OpenFEC API: Direct schedule_b/by_recipient queries for ActBlue, WinRed, NGP VAN, Anedot, EveryAction, Revv (batch of 600 records, DEMO_KEY).
OpenSecrets: Vendor profiles for Targeted Victory, Bully Pulpit Interactive, Scale to Win, RumbleUp, Hustle, Catalist, i360, Axiom Strategies, Majority Strategies, Push Digital, Google Inc, Meta, GOP Data Trust (FEC data through June 2025).
Brennan Center / OpenSecrets / Wesleyan Media Project: Platform-reported political ad transparency data from Meta, Google, Snap, X ($1.9B total).
NPR, Search Engine Land, Bellingcat, Syracuse ElectionGraph: Harris vs Trump ad spending breakdowns.
Center for Campaign Innovation: 2024 post-election Republican technology survey data.

Groundwork Deck  •  Companion Memo
Elizabeth McKenna • 2026